M1: Explaining Legal and ethical issues

In this post I will explain different legal and ethical issues and include different regulatory bodies in my research.


Legal & Ethical

There are many different laws and regulations I need to follow to ensure my sounds are legally and ethically correct. There will be punishments that would be enforced if I do not follow these things, such as going to prison, being sued for copyright infringement, cause offence to people. In this report, I will discuss the different things I have to consider while creating my sound.

Neural voice puppetry

Neural voice puppetry takes a photograph and a 5 second audio sample and creates an AI generated video of a person synchronised with the audio. I will conduct a SWOT analysis of Neural voice puppetry.

Strengths/uses:

- Neural voice puppetry can be used for video dubbing, which can be used by influencers and audio engineers alike, to help cut costs and save time on projects.

- It can be used by video games developers to create voice lines and quests for characters. This is useful as it will save game developers time and money and can synchronise the voice artificially.

- Allows for creators to reach new audiences as they can use a variety of sounds and pitches, such as high pitch voices aimed at children.



Weaknesses:

- People create fake content and spread misinformation on social media.

- Mis-use of this technology can result in a persons reputation being harmed, as people may not be sceptical of the information being produced and distributed.

- The use of realistic audio clips raises concerns from people about privacy rights if they haven't consented to the use of their voice.



Opportunities:

- Neural Voice puppetry can be used as a form of entertainment as people can create engaging and excited pieces of content. It can also be used to create characters.

- The AI technology can be used for voice acting as people can create realistic performance, which again can help to create new characters.

- Neural voice puppetry can be used as a form of therapy as the AI can generate therapeutic voices and sounds to sooth and relax people.



Threats:

- Mis-representation can cause implications in journalism and politics. 

- There are security risks people accessing unauthorised data using voice AI.



Copyright & Creative Commons

Copyright is a law that states that it a set of rights given to the original owner for a fixed amount of years which gives them full rights to to print, publish, perform, film or record; copyright stops other people from using the work of an artist without their permission as if they do this the artist or management could take legal action against them. Throughout the production of my sound, I am taking these rules into consideration by taking my own creating my own sounds using foley sounds and also use royalty free sounds which I will edit using effects, which takes away the risk of copyright infringement as it is then my own work and i can print, publish, film and record any of my own assets when I want. An example of a creative commons license is non-commercial, which means the owner says the asset cannot be used for commercial use such as publishing to monetise.

IPSO

The Independent Press Standards Organisation is a regulatory body that sets laws for press such as newspaper and magazine that must be followed. IPSO have the power to enforce legal consequences on magazines or newspapers publishers if they are found to not follow these laws. The laws and consequences have been explained in the introduction of this report titled 'Legal & Ethical' and 'Copyright and Creative Commons'. One example of a law I must follow is my sound must not be misleading or contain inaccurate content. I will ensure all laws are followed by researching all rules and applying my knowledge to my work.

Libel

Libel is a written statemtent that may be damaging or hurtful to another's reputation. I will follow this by not creating anything defamatory or negative about anyone and I can create a draft article before publishing to ensure all statements aren't libel and that they dont cause any legal or ethical issues.

    Ethical Issues

I must consider the legal issues and laws put in place by IPSO but i must also consider ethical issues my sound might cause. Ethical issues are problems that might offend or annoy a certain group of people. My sounds must not be sexist, contain offensive content, must not contain any antisemitism, cannot be homophobic and cannot contain any bullying. If my sounds contained anything unethical, this could cause controversy within a community, which could damage my reputation and could stop it from selling to my intended audience. For example, strong language such as swearing or cussing would make the sound unethical towards children therefore i will be extremely careful what content and language i include and i could conduct feedback from things such as a survey or questionnaire or a focus group to ensure my audience feel the sound is ethical.

PRS

Performing Rights Society are the regulatory body of songwriters, composers and publishers. They are used to represent them and make sure they are all rewarded for their creations. PRS pay royalties to members for the use of their work while protecting the future of music through partnerships and technology and license the use of members music by business, online in broadcasts and film, for live performance and as recorded products.

PPL

Phonographic Performance Limited is a private company founded by Decca Records and EMI. It is the UK's music licensing company for over 130,00 performers and recording rights holders  They have agreements with over 100 international CMO's, covering over 90% of total global performance royalties value.

It is free for performers to join PPL as they do not hold profit for services to maximise royalties paid to members. They have a diverse range of artists from independent and major record labels. Royalties are paid annually in June. 

PPL PRS

PRS and PPL have teamed together to create the new. PPLPRS music license. TheMusicLisence from PPL PRS allows you to legally play music for employees or customers in business through radio, TV and other digital devices and live performances.

Previously, businesses and organisations had to obtain separate music licences from PPL and PRS, however, they have come together to launch TheMusicLisence.






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